The Includer

In August of 2007, I came up with the idea of the Includer as a device for Africans with marginal Internet access to read and write emails on their USB flash drives and then upload and download them at an Internet access point.  This endeavor was a focal point of Minciu Sodas work and I won a 2008 Knight News Challenge Award to blog about it.  However, after 6 weeks in Silicon Valley in May and June 2008, and a lack of real interest from the Knight Foundation or any other group, I felt I had no business opportunties.  I went through the motions of blogging further about the Includer and related topics from September 2008 to August 2009.  Yet I was ever encouraged by Ricardo and his eternal creativity in helping Africans with marginal Internet access.

I’m also encouraged by Kiyavilo Msekwa of Tanzania who is studying electronics and working on his own version of the Includer using touchscreen technologies.  There are indeed exciting developments technologically.  Kiyavilo has accepted my invitation to take over as the Includer blogger.  He may or may not invite Ricardo, me and others to blog here, too.

Kiyavilo, I am glad for your creative spirit!  I wish you great success!

Two years ago I came up with the idea of the Includer, a device by which Africans and others with marginal Internet access might yet participate intensely in online communities such as Minciu Sodas and Worknets. How will this idea unfold in the future? Recently I wrote a letter inaugurating our Worknets culture as a network of laboratories starting with three led by me in Lithuania, Franz Nahrada in Austria and Samwel Kongere in Kenya. Samwel is our participant who catalyzed my interest in marginal Internet access. I came up with the idea of the Includer from afar, and developed it in a way that might be understandable to funders. My hope is that Samwel’s lab will take root as our “orchard of thoughts” in Kenya so that we can focus on solutions that suggest themselves locally and we can all benefit from learning how they adapt and evolve our Worknets culture.

I share my thoughts on the future of our Worknets culture after phone conversations with Franz Nahrada, Samwel Kongere, Leon Benjamin and Ricardo. I also hope to talk with Edward Cherlin, Janet Feldman, Pamela McLean, Benoit Couture, Josephat Ndibalema and others who have and will participate actively. I also encourage us to write.

In 1998, I founded the Minciu Sodas laboratory for independent thinkers. More recently, I have started work to foster Worknets,
an entire culture of independent thinkers.

Samwel and Franz reaffirmed commitments that we made in London [Episode 33] that each of us lead a Worknets laboratory. Each of us will develop our local presence along with our global network for a culture of investigation.

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Samwel lives in Rusinga Island, Kenya in Lake Victoria. He’s the first person in Africa with whom I did $100 projects [as in Episode 11] and he led a team for our largest work, My Food Story. He’s catalyzed the strong network that we have in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. His deepest value is “motivation through sacrifice” and he leads our working group Mendenyo which means “men without food” as in “let’s not eat everything today, but invest in a better tomorrow”. Samwel would walk 5 km to the Internet and inspired our making best use of marginal Internet access. He worked with Ricardo and others to expand Internet access in his region and try out Wifi solutions. Samwel works with a group of women to foster a good life in
the countryside and avert migration to the urban slums. He champions a knowledge-based approach to keep learning while solving problems. His current focus is sustainable agriculture and tourism.

Franz lives and works at his family’s Hotel Karolinenhof in Vienna, Austria. Franz is the first independent thinker that I organized us
around. He leads our first such working group, Global Villages His deepest value is “recognizing efficacies”, which is to say, how things fit together well. Franz has a long history as a visionary thinker and social networker for rediscovering villages as the natural places for nurturing the human spirit, soul, mind and body. He leads the lab GIVE, Globally Integrated Village Environment http://www.give.at He champions a knowledge society based on futuristic libraries, coworking centers, video bridges, online communities, regional information coaches, do-it-yourself technologies and open source economics. Franz has links to many parts of Austria and Germany and dreams of living in a monastery of the future.

I live in the village of Dukiskes, Lithuania with the family of Zenonas and Audrone Anusauskas. My deepest value is “living by truth” and since childhood I’m on a quest to know everything and apply that usefully. Next week I’ll upload a 10 minute video summary of my philosophical work which I hope will make my work more approachable. This year I’ve developed my creative talents in drawing, painting, sculpture, video and earlier in song, music, poetry and drama. I would like to apply my philosophical skills to foster Worknets as a creative culture. I was born to a Lithuanian family in California. I moved to Lithuania in 1997 and soon established Minciu Sodas as my business to serve and organize independent thinkers like myself and all of us. I look forward to putting down more roots in the Lithuanian countryside, most likely fostering a network of bases and then settle down amongst them, hopefully some day with a family.

Our three laboratories will be exercises in bringing our dreams to life. They are centers for an economy of dreams which I am organizing. I invite us to keep writing about them. We have inspiring dreams and we can all support and embolden each other. We will find ways to share resources, open opportunities and build relationships. Please share your dreams, make them real along with our labs, and consider starting your own lab, so that Worknets is a network of labs.

Each lab represents a commitment to share our life’s dream. This includes a focus on developing a local base from which we live and work and enjoy life. It includes local friendships and a thriving creative culture. It means being open and supportive to all locally who might grow by pursuing questions they don’t know the answer to, but wish to answer. It also means likewise being active globally in the area of our focus, which might be sustainability (Samwel), global villages (Franz), conceptual frameworks, especially for our culture (Andrius).

We will be recognizing and defining our culture’s expectations as we go along. This should free us to act as leaders wherever we dedicate ourselves. Our labs are natural hubs for global networks that we might all try to leverage. For example, Samwel’s lab means that I will look to him for leadership how to support our African participants. Franz’s lab means that I will look to him for leadership in organizing Global villages network, vision and strategy. I have done that, more or less, in the past, but now we will have a basis for making explicit who to look to for strategic leadership, and the reason why, which is the integrity they foster through their commitment of sharing their life’s dream in the form of an open laboratory that all might participate in. I believe that a network of labs will make clear to us all our own commitments (which are often shaped by our life’s circumstances, as in Janet’s case) and open up roles, not only as lab leaders, but also as investigators, networkers and many more (please design your own!) In defining our labs, we are defining the integrity that makes real our Worknets culture, and that can radiate out to touch the many networks that we participate in, so that we may truly thrive in a sharing culture.

I ask us to give a special boost to Samwel’s work because we have the possibility for a real success that will shape our understanding of what our labs can be. Tom Ochuka wrote to us about his business idea for hand carts to draw water. Samwel and I now ask Tom to write about the investigatory questions that this project might answer for him. Tom’s project is relevant for us if it reflects what he wants to learn. Tom agreed that we provide a loan. I would like us to organize around Samwel a group of such investigators like Dennis Kimambo, Peter Ongele and others who might also agree on how to share resources, typically in the form of loans or small bits of work. I will write more about this separately.

I spoke also with Leon Benjamin for whom we worked on behalf of Mornflake cereal He’s happy with our work and I’ll write a case study. Leon is the rare person who broke the corporate wall for us. Stuart Oliver of Clean Tech Scotland is another such person who values our team’s potential. We should consult and think how to find more such people and treasure them, including John Caswell who we met in London, and whose consulting methodology I want to work out a Public Domain version of, as we discussed. I also need to train our team so that we’re skilled at helping as online assistants and engaging online communities. We can practice further on behalf of Mornflake. I also will be improving our websites and we should involve or train more developers.

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I also ask us to think about the future of learning for adults, young and old. What will the university of the future be like, especially for self-motivated learners? I want to contribute to Edward Cherlin’s initiative Earth Treasury to create open source textbooks. These
questions are very relevant for COMMUNIA, especially the June 28-30, 2010 meeting in Torino, Italy. I ask us to be active in these matters so that we might have much to contribute when we come together.

I am excited for our culture. I ask you to share likewise what it might be. What are your dreams? and how might we be a part of them?

Kiyvailo Msekwa told me in the chat room that he lost the display to the Gumstix processor (of Episode 21) when he was on the bus. But otherwise he seems to be making progress in his electronics studies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. He writes us about a website he found, AllElectronics.com:

I was looking for some few electronics equipments that won’t cost much on shipping to Africa for electronics project. I found this shop located in Canada and it has very good equipments that can be used to create some good and affordable electronics projects

I was so fascinated with the way you can create a good PCB layout by simply print the layout on a piece of a paper and then iron it on a copper board. This is good and am going to work with it for my school projects.

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Ricardo writes further:

Hi Kims, that’s an interesting technique for making PCBs. Here’s a direct link to the Press-N-Peel page… (The payment-methods section looks like it’s hard to send money to them.)

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In the past, I’ve used various techniques, such as drawing on the copper clad board with an etch-resist pen and ruler. Another technique is to print the design on clear plastic acetate sheet with a laser printer or photocopier, then putting it on pre-coated photo etch resist board, exposing it to ultraviolet light in a UV Box or outside in the sun (good in Africa, but no good in grey-sky UK). Then you use a chemical to develop the photo-resist, before etching in Ferric Chloride in a plastic tray, as normal (an acid that dissolves the un-masked copper).

A lot of US electronics projects get their parts from Digikey and Sparkfun (such as microcontrollers and LCD displays). They are worth looking at for technical information and prices, even if they don’t ship to Africa. Then you may be able to find the same items on allelectronics.com

I read Hackaday and Instructables for some good projects, with LEDs, LCDs, microcontrollers, music, etc. At the moment, I’m looking at printing some articles to PDF and sending them to Kenya on CD as part of the Sneakernet trial, to save on GPRS/Internet charges for the Kenyan sneakernet users. Ken Owino and I want to start a 2-way CD-ROM bridge between the UK and Kenya, when he finishes touring with the Acrobats. It’s a bit too much work to operate a CD-bridge for Tanzania as well, but maybe another MS member with broadband could do it.

Today I spoke with Ricardo about our future plans for the Includer. There have been a lot of technological developments these last two years, including the proliferation of netbooks and ebook readers, such as the new Sony $200 ebook reader. How might the Minciu Sodas lab and network have the most impact? I think we might focus on small projects, as we envisaged thanks to Mornflake cereal, $100 or so, such as Tom Ochuka’s hand cart for providing more water in drought stricken Kisumu. (Recall Tom’s wedding picture site in Episode 42) and Pit Latrine of Episode 31. Our help room and online assistance of Episode 6 might unfold around support for such projects.

Today I also chatted with Josephat Ndibalema and Primson in Tanzania. аниме секс с демоном зрелые порно онлайн влагалище порно

Josephat: Please can we chat a little about DIY Solar? [of Episode 11] … Here i have Primson a member of UYOGA i think you remember him? he wants to engage in making or assembling pv panels with low volts to power small electronic devices like radios.

Primson: I’m studying at Kitangali Teachers college situated in Mtwara region in southern of Tanzania. I like to power radios to charge cell phones,also tv Its good bussiness Idea in the rural of Tanzania because it can help me get some money to pay for school fees

Josephat and Primson and also William Wambura (of Episode 52) are members of UYOGA, which Maria Agnese Giraudo and Samwel Kongere, both of Episode 0, helped found. William Wambura updates us on the used mobile phones which he received with Maria’s help:

Dear mama Maria and all friends. Am very sorry that I have not been able to write to you for feedbacks on your mobile phones you donated. This instance keeps Maria under blackets,it is obvious that you friends are asking her about your donated cell phones.

Thank you all who by good hearts donated their cell phones.This does not end as just donation,but it will serve as an opening relationship to other opportunities in real life. We will appriciate any donation support on electronics devices (cell phones, laptops, ipods, flash disk etc), technical support and leadership skills development. As an organisation, we received your donation of twenty five (25) cell phones.

Two organisational phone repair clinics divided 9 cell phones each. But amongst them, four(4) were analogue cell phones. Three (3) are completely not working.

At our repair clinic, we have managed to repair six (6) cell phones and sold them. The money has helped in rehabilitating our cell phone repair clinic,aditional repair tools has been bought and few cell phone accessories too have been bought for old parts eplacement. We used some of the money to pay for power bills. This is what I can personally share with you.

Our organisation has its own fundamental ways of communicating with friends on each information coming in or going out.

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Tomorrow is another of Pamela McLean’s First Thursday chats (as in Episode 44). See you at our chat room!

Thank you to Ricardo for clarifying what is needed for mobile phones with USB ports to function as Includers.

July 2, 2009: Hi Andrius, Thanks for posting about the EU standardising the phone chargers across all new phones in Europe. You suggested making it the subject of Pam’s first Thursday of the month chat. I’m sorry, but I didn’t see your message until Thursday afternoon, after the 1 PM chat time, so here’s a few thoughts.

From news articles, the manufacturers intend to standardise on micro-USB sized connectors. USB from a charger will provide power at 5 Volts. The standardisation is a voluntary agreement, not EU law. However, all the major manufacturers have signed up, and I expect it will drive all the other countries to adopt the same standard.

Micro-USB is electrically the same as USB or mini-USB, but physically smaller, to allow for thin phones.

Wikipedia has this article about USB (Universal Serial Bus).

You suggested this standardisation (a USB Slave socket) would allow phones to control peripherals. Actually, that’s not enough on it’s own. There’s a technical detail you need to be aware of. When two devices communicate by USB cable, one device is the Master and the other is the Slave. It’s also sometimes called Host and Device. The Master initiates and controls the conversation.

USB carries power on 2 wires (0V and 5V) and data on 2 wires (Data+ and Data-).

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Phones using the new EU standard charger just need a micro-USB Slave connector, to receive power.

When I submitted my idea to Google 10100 competition, I was suggesting that phones should have a USB Master socket, to control USB Peripherals, such as flash drives, cameras, printers, portable hard drives, etc (not a slave socket). A USB Master socket would make every phone into a mini-PC/laptop, the heart of a computer system, able to control peripherals.

If the phone is a GPRS phone, it would also provide this computer system with internet connectivity, but even simple non-internet phones could send SMSs to a USB printer or send/recieve files to a flash drive.

The easy way to acheive this is to make use of a new-ish style of USB called ‘USB On-The-Go’ or USB OTG. In USB On-The-Go, either of the 2 communicating USB devices can be the master and control the conversation. They negotiate who will be in charge. A device can be a master or slave at different times. So, when charging, a phone could be a USB Slave. When acting like a small computer (to control printers etc), the phone could be a USB Master. на видео телефон бесплатно порно

I’m still waiting to hear when the results of the Google 10100 competition will be announced. They should send an email to everyone that registered. I’ll let you know when I hear anything.

July 14, 2009: Andrius: Just to make sure that I understand you… There’s a hardware difference between the Master USB and the Slave USB, yes? (I suppose they have different chips.) But the port is the same, yes? So that would mean that the phones will now have the relevant form factor and just need to have a better chip? It’s still a step forward perhaps?

July 16, 2009: The EU plans for all phones to use micro-USB connectors for recharging and data only still sees phones as slave devices to a PC. The plan covers the phones working as a USB Slave, controlled by a PC USB Master for read/writing files to the phone, or charged from a 240V mains PSU with USB 5V master socket. The plan doesn’t force the phone-manufacturers to include USB Master capability, to control printers and other peripherals.

In the future, I hope more phones could be designed with USB Master capability, either with a second socket for old-style USB Master-only purposes, or more-likely using a single socket as a Master/Slave USB On-The-Go (OTG) device ,and acting at times as a USB Master controlling peripherals, and at other times as a slave device, controlled by a PC.

The 2 USB devices that communicate can each be designed with 3 sizes of connector; full-size USB, mini-USB and micro-USB. Generally, the 2 equipments have sockets and the cables have plugs on each end. A PC would be connected to an EU-standard phone via a USB-to-micro-USB cable.

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USB Master and Slave (otherwise known as Host and Device) sockets use different circuitry.

USB is a 4-wire connection.

2 wires are used for TX and RX Data. The data-transfer is bi-directional, but the ‘conversation’ is started and controlled by the Master device, such as a PC.

2 wires are used for 5V and 0V, to supply power from the Master to the Slave. It can be up to 500mA. The slave device signals how much current it needs, either an exact amount (generally below 100mA) or in steps going up from 100mA, 200mA – 500mA. Low power devices like a mouse or flash drive use 100mA or less. High power devices like a USB printer, that need over 500mA have their own 240v/110v mains power supply.

The master device senses when a slave device is plugged in. I think it senses when current is drawn. I think some dumb devices that just want USB 5V power, just have a resistor to ground with the right resistance-value to indicate how much current they want (100mA, 200mA, etc).

The physical connectors are sockets that can be full-size USB connectors, mini-USB or micro-USB size. For a camera or phone, you often use a full-size USB to mini-USB cable.

Some expensive smartphones now have a mini or micro-USB socket, and use USB On-The-Go (OTG), where either device can start and control the conversation (data-transfer). This means the phone can choose to be the Master and control a USB Slave device, such as a printer. I would like to see phone manufacturers include USB OTG in every phone model, even the cheap phones used by many people in developing countries.

The question is…

Even if a phone has USB OTG, can it control a wide range of USB peripheral devices, such as USB flash-drives, memory card readers, QWERTY Keyboard, mouse, joystick, drawing tablet, USB hard drives, printers, cameras, other people’s cheaper USB-slave phones, etc?

Well, it depends on having software drivers that work on the particular phone Operating System, such as Nokia Symbian S60, for each device that you want to use (printer, etc) .

A few drivers are available already, I think, otherwise nobody could use the existing smartphone USB OTG facility. I’ll have to research which device drivers are available. Hopefully, when a lot of of phones have USB OTG, more device drivers will become available, then things will reach a point where most users demand that printer-manufacturers etc provide phone software drivers for popular phone Operating Systems.

You can check which phones have USB OTG, now and in the future, by doing a free-text search for OTG on the GSMArena phone-finder website, Advanced Search page…

At the moment, the only models it finds are Nokia 8800 Arte and Nokia Carbon/Sapphire/Gold Arte.

All the Nokia Arte models have a Micro-USB and master/slave USB OTG capability…

I’ll look into what peripherals they can control at the moment. For printers, each printer-model may not need it’s own driver, as the phone and printer could probably communicate by USB using the PictBridge standard (also available over Bluetooth and Infrared to some printers).

For Includer work, the most useful device-driver would be a standard driver for each phone OS that lets a phone read/write files to a USB flash-drive. A USB memory-card holder would make memory cards look like a flash-drive and allow the phone to read/write files to/from memory cards from older non-USB phones and cameras.

That means that having just one GPRS phone with USB OTG in an area, would interface the whole local sneakernet-by-flash-drive/memory-card community to the internet, for email, file uploads/downloads, sending photos, etc. You don’t need a PC, Laptop or trips to a Cyber-Cafe.

Here is more info on USB and USB OTG and see also Wikipedia. порно ножки

The Includer is not just a device, but a system for including those with marginal Internet access. I’m writing from the town of Smalininkai, Lithuania where I’m intensely building my very first sculpture, 18 human figures organized in a 3.5 meter tall illustration of a philosophical structure describing the relationship of God and people (of Episode 0). I’m online just once or twice a day using my GPRS modem. I’m very glad that Sasha Mrkailo is staffing our chat room (the help room of Episode 6) and ready to train online assistants to engage UK online communities on behalf of Mornflake cereal (of Episode 34). He did just that and more with William Wambura (of Episode 49).

I found their Saturday chat in our chat archive. William is making progress in thinking through his mobile phone business. He’s thinking of importing used mobile phones. I recall Malcolm Duerod (of Episode 13), my fellow professor in Bosnia, who introduced me to the Roma community and noted that many of them are skilled at electronics and mobile phone repair. I made a photo of a young man selling mobile phones he had repaired. I offered him 5 marks to take his picture and he gave me a free phone. Later I met Goran at Malcolm’s church and we agreed to do DIY Solar projects (of Episode 11). We’ve also discussed the Roma collecting phones in Bosnia and sending them to Africa as a business, and the key missing ingredient was William and his initiative. I also recall Asif Daya, at the start of our Pyramid of Peace, urging us to collect mobile phones – which seemed to me out of context in an emergency, but I hope he might join in here.

I share their chat…. Our help room in action!

Sasha: Good morning from Serbia

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William: Hi sasha,am happy to see you порно сиськи

Sasha: hi William

William: am back in Tanzania,and am working on my mobile phone repair laboratory ikn dar

Sasha: howa are you? Did you met Maria Agnese? [of Episode 0] :: great William! :: did you learn to repair those cellphones?

William: yes am with her,i learn to repair them :: mobile phone and computer repair too :: am hardly focusing to develop competitive skilled level,am not yet generating income from the laboratory :: i expect to start developing income after six months of working hard on skills development,am assembling impontart skills first

Sasha: yes, that is normal :: education is very expensive :: but afterward it will get better

William: yes :: i believe so

Sasha: I think you can earn a income with that skill :: send my greetings to Maria Agnese :: just dont give up! азиатское порно

William: i wont give up,am focusing now…..i want to contact friends from europe to collect second hand mobile phones,so that i can repair them and sell in dar :: friends can collect them for me, i repair them and re-sell them i cheap prices so i sell fast

Sasha: ok

William: am hardly working to have a laptop to asist my works at the laboratory

Sasha: :: checck them out :: I am sure there are some NGO or individuals doing similar things :: it would be god if you could find them and connect with them порно лесбиянки онлайн

William: thank you,also you persnal can work to develop my networks with similar intersts :: is possible to find people to donate mobile phone from serbia?

Sasha: perhaps :: but here people are not rich, far from it :: and many older or midle agged people use old cellphones :: what kind of cellphones are you interested in? how old? what models? :: for example this cellphones are sold for 46 euros

William: Nokia,motorola not so old.which could be repaired

Sasha: :: this four phones 10 euros :: its better to find someone in west europe than serbia :: there were people importing second hand phones from EU to Serbia :: that would be much more cheaper

William: good idea

Sasha: maybe best would be to find some source of donations (cellphones)

William: its very profitable here to sell old laptops,second hand mobile phones,ipods etc :: thats good,find someones from western europe

Sasha: :: some 50 links on groups who recycle and donate cellphones

William: we could find people nterested from europe,you can find it beneficial to deal with mobile phone

Sasha: bookmark and check everyone of them! :: I am not really interested in cellphones :: just want to point you to some potentially useful directions

William: its very difficult for me to constantly work on various nature,mi dont have an offline computer to work with,the cybe cafe is very costfull,this is another problem :: thank,plz do it :: you may also be knowing friend from europe who are very interested with mobile phones :: friends can collect or donate cellphones,laptop etc and then we work together….

Sasha: sorry I dont know such people in europe :: maybe Andrius would know someone? :: also you can write on minciu sodas yahoo groups and ask for help

William: am posting my letters on mendenyo and holistic :: What about mornflake video contest? where are you now?

Sasha: I just posted to Song of the Paddle forum offering help ::

William: what am i supose to do now? :: how do we proceed with it? :: how do we proceed with it?

Sasha: with mornflake project? :: how much time do you have? :: its hard for me to say :: since you dont have much time :: you can try to participate in the kudocities :: :: there are links on this page

William: i have time, but i dont have computer acces to focus with the job :: It has been very difficult for African participants to effectively work and focus on the online works,e dont have computer access,power,costful,low netowrk connection,lack of sustanaibility etc :: high internet cost,long distances etc

Sasha: I understan that

William: byeeeeee…..my time is over.thank you very much :: i have to go…but keep that in mind

Sasha: byeal

The Includer is part of a culture of reaching out and helping others overcome the digital divide. Ricardo has taken many practical steps to create such a culture. He’s helped some of our African participants get their first laptops, and also now to start their own businesses purchasing and selling used laptops and parts. He wrote on July 3 to Samwel Kongere’s working Mendenyo:

I just want to update you on my eBay trading project (of Episode 39), where I’m helping people start a small business, buying old laptops, cameras, etc, on eBay USA, to sell at a profit in East Africa.

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Over the last year or so, I’ve been helping some people in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda to get started using the eBay online auction site and eBay’s Paypal electronic payment system.

I had a chat with Ken Chelimo this morning and he’s now started his trading business. His eBay and Paypal accounts all work well now with his bank account. Today, he bought a used digital camera on eBay USA. It should arrive in Kenya in about 3 or 4 weeks. Anyway, this is the start of his trading business, buying items to sell, not just test-items. I’m giving some advice on the best cameras and laptops to buy.

Ken intends to buy old laptops later on, for students and lecturers at the local university.

Kims in Tanzania has also started trading, buying 2 or 3 old laptops to sell.

In addition to other ICT projects, I think buying and selling old, cheap laptops is a great way to expand ICT access in Africa, bearing in mind that people can share a laptop with friends from time to time, or use it as a ‘computing hub’ to transfer files to/from phones, cameras, flash drives, CDs, DVDs, etc or do print-outs. голые эротика

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We’ve overcome a few problems to do with finding banks that work well with Payal, in Kenya and Tanzania at least. Now that we know how to get all the accounts working, I’ll use that knowledge to expand the number of eBay users. I formed an email Traders group originally, so I’ll see who else in the group is interested.

I haven’t managed to find a Ugandan bank yet that works well with Paypal’s computer systems, but I’ll keep looking, so Fred can start too. порно школьницы видео

This Paypal page lists which countries can use Paypal to both send and receive money (USA, Europe, etc) or just to send money (to pay for things on eBay), not receive. Countries not listed at all can’t use Paypal yet (such as Nigeria). I hope Paypal will expand the list of countries in future.

The Includer is a device for those with marginal Internet access, or simply, for the unincluded. Wealth is relationships. We create wealth by overcoming poverty and including those who are out-of-the-loop. порно секс видео бесплатно

I don’t know why I’m writing here, alone. I do know why – I’m hoping that the Knight News Challenge will indeed pay me my final payment this September as agreed. I don’t know why I’ve been banished from the PBS website. I don’t know why I’m not included.

I read at the Idealab blog about the annual meeting where all the Knight News Challenge Winners discuss the future of civic media and talk about the digital tools to build local communities. This year, nine new exciting projects joined this community of innovators, raising the total of Knight News Challenge projects to 45.

I left a comment:

Hi, glad to learn of the MIT Media meeting of Knight News Challenge winners. I am one of last year’s 16 winners but was not invited. Do you know why? Are there other meetings that I should know about? Thank you.

I was disinvited last year and not invited this year. Nor was I invited to this year’s award ceremony where the Knight News Challenge gave out only half of the money that it had planned to. It’s amazing how those with power can make their own rules as to what rules they will follow. I try to live a different example by paying the poor upfront so that I don’t have such leverage over them.

This year Ushahidi won a prize, as they did at NetSquared and elsewhere for their work during the Kenyan turmoil last year. I’m amazed that they win, but neither they nor anybody else points attention to the real peacemaking work that we did with the Pyramid of Peace which, if truly meaningful, is what their application would make people aware of. I think we supplied about half of the entries about peacemaking interventions for their site.

I’m glad that I have a meaningful life, that God is so supportive and that I have hopes for other ways to be included. I’m glad to be home in Lithuania after so many months on the road!

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EU Industry Commissioner Guenter Verheugen announced that Nokia, Sony Ericsson, Motorola, Apple, LG, Research in Motion and other phone makers have signed an agreement to make their data-enabled phones compatible with standard charging devices based on a standard micro-USB socket.  There are 400 million phones in Europe and 185 million new phones are sold each year.  In 2010, about half of these new phones will be data enabled phones.

The European Union pushed for this agreement so as to reduce waste.  This is also a wonderful step forward towards Ricardo’s vision (in Episode 4) of USB Host Capability for basic phones.  There will soon be millions of used phones with micro-USB sockets and we can experiment as Ricardo envisions.  If there is a need, then I think it should be straightforward for phone makers to offer and expand USB functions.

In October, Ricardo submitted his idea for the Google challenge Ten to the Hundredth.  They were supposed to announce the top 100 ideas on January  27, 2009.  They received more than 150,000 ideas and have yet to announce any of them.  It is a shame that they didn’t collect them openly and we could be working on them ourselves!  (See Episode 7, Vote for Losers) .

Meanwhile, the Knight News Challenge has declared its winners.  The Challenge gave out half the money it had intended to, because of the financial crisis.  I looked up my own idea, Help Room of Episode 6, and here’s what I find:

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